Prof. Roli Purwar

Discipline of Polymer Science and Chemical Technology, Applied Chemistry

Phone:-
Email: roli.purwar@gmail.com, roli.purwar@dtu.ac.in

Qualifications

Ph D, M.Tech, B.E

Areas of Interest

Fibre Technology, Polymer Processing, hydrogels for wound dressing, biopolymer for electronic devices

Education

Ph. D (2006), I I T Delhi, India

M.Tech. (2001), Fiber Science & Technology, I I T, Delhi, India

B. E. (2000), Textile Technology, SVITS, DAVV, Indore, M. P. India

Work Experience

Professor (August 2021- till date) Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

Associate Professor (August 2018- August 2021), Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

Assistant Professor (August 2010-August 2018), Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

Research Associate (November 2006- August 2010), I I T Delhi, India

Administrative Responsibility @DTU

  • Associate Dean- Industrial Research and Development (2022-till date)
  • Coordinator-IPR cell (2022-till date)
  • Associate Dean-International Affairs (2019-2022)
  • Co-coordinator-IPR Cell (2017-2019)
  •  Assistant Director-International Affairs (2017-2019)
  • Warden- Girls Hostel (2012-2018)

Teaching Interest@ DTU  

  1. CH-206 Mechanical Operations
  2. CH-301 Polymeric Materials
  3. CH-312 Polymer Processing Techniques
  4. CH-405 Fiber Technology

Sponsored Research Projects

  • Principal Investigator, “Design and Development of Electronic Devices using Regenerated Silk Fibroin/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites Films and Hydrogels” (2023-2026), funded by SERB, Govt. of India.
  • Principal Investigator, “Design and development of 2D/3D self assembled antibacterial nanofibrous structures from regenerated nonmulberry silk fibroins and its blends for medical textiles applications” (2018 -2021), funded by DST, Govt. of India.
  • Principal Investigator, “Development of Bioactive Nanocomposite Films from Silk Sericin for Food Packaging”, (2012-2016) funded by DST, Government of India.
  • Research Associate, “Development of Bio-nanocomposite Filaments”. (2008-2010), funded by M/s Lockheed & Martin Corporation, USA
  • Research Associate, “Standardization of Process for the Production and Application of Sericin to Textile Fabric” (2006-2010) funded by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India

Consultancy Projects

  1. Development of acrylic formulation for flooring, funded by Desan International

Technologies Developed and Transferred to Industry

  1. Acrylic formulation for flooring, transferred to Mr. Siddant Bhola
  2. Improvement in impact properties of recycled polypropylene, transferred to Raju Polymers Ltd, Delhi
  3. Applications of neem extract as an antimicrobial agent on garment, transferred to the Advantage Organics Ltd, Delhi
  4. Recovery of silk Sericin from degumming liquor, transferred to Nath Brothers Exim Ltd, Noida

Membership of Professional Bodies

  1. Textile Engineers Society
  2. Indian Plastic Institute
  3.  Elastomer Technology Development Society

Patents

4.  A Soft Freezing Method to Develop Low Temperature Reversible Conductive Silk Fibroin Aqueous Gel Electrolyte”, Roli Purwar and Reetu Yadav, Indian Patent Application no. 202211031911 Dated: June 03rd, 2022 

3. Silk Fibroin Flexible Films Prepared By Hydrogel Particles And Process Thereof, Roli Purwar and Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Indian Patent, Patent No.504734, Date 30/1/2024.

2. Antimicrobial nanocomposite compositions, fibers, and films, M Joshi, Roli Purwar, Jayant Udhake, R Shreedevi, US Patent, Patent No. 9,192,625, 24/11/2015.

1. A Process for Inducting Antimicrobial and Anti-crease Property in Textile Material and the Material thus Produced” Roli Purwar, M Joshi and P Mishra, Indian patent, Patent No.253898, 31/8/2012

Book Chapters

14.Daan Kaur and Roli Purwar (2023),Chapter Titled “Nanotechnological Advancement in Artificial Intelligence for Wound Care”  Edited by Pratima R. Solanki, Anil Kumar, Ravindra Pratap Singh, Jay Singh, Kshitij RB Singh,  Nanotechnological Aspects for Next-generation Wound Management ; Elsevier, ISBN :9780323991650

13.Priya Bansal and Roli Purwar (2023), Chapter titled, Nanofibers’ utility for rejuvenation of heavily contaminated environments”, Edited by charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Ravindra Pratap Singh, Jay Singh, Kshitij RB Singh Book titled “Nanobiotechnology for Bioremediation” Elsevier, ISBN: 9780323917674, 23-50

12. Preeti Gupta and Roli Purwar (2023), Chapter titled “Experimental Methods of Superabsorbent Polymers: Characterization”, edited by Arpit Sand, Jaya Tuteja, Book Titled “ Properties and Applications of Superabsorbent Polymers: Smart Applications with Smart Polymers”, Springer, ISBN: 9789819911011,  41-65

11. Reetu Yadav and Roli Purwar (2023), Chapter titled “Silk Fibroin-Based Nanocomposite for Futuristic Electronics, Edited by S H Pawar, Book titled “Silk Fibroin: Advances in Applications and Research”, Nova Publications, USA, ISBN: 979-8-88697-402-7, 117-132.

10.  Radhika Batra and Roli Purwar (2023), Chapter titled “Non-Mulberry Silk Fibroin Blends: The Road Underexplored, Edited by S H Pawar, Book titled, Silk Fibroin: Advances in Applications and Research, Nova Publications, USA, ISBN: 979-8-88697-402-7, 45-62.

9. R Batra and Roli Purwar (2022), Chapter Titled “Multifunctional Properties of Non-mulberry Silk Fibroin and Gelatin Blend Solutions: Rheological Study”, Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Springer Publication, 81-88.

8.Roli Purwar (2020), Chapter titled “Bionanocomposites Based on Silk Proteins and Nanoclay” Edited by Mangala Joshi, book titled 'Nanotechnology in Textiles: Advances and Developments in Polymer Nanocomposites' - PanStanford Publishing eISBN no. 9781003055815.

7.Roli Purwar and Radha Sachan (2020), Chapter titled “Thermoresponsive shape memory polymers for smart textiles” Edited by Shahid ul-Islam, Bhupendra Singh Butola, Book titled “Advances in Functional and Protective Textiles” ISBN no.978-0-12-820257-9. Page no. 37-62.

6.Reetu Yadav and Roli Purwar (2019), Chapter Titled “Electronic Waste - Problems and New Strategies, Edited “S K Singh and A K Haritash, by  Book titled Fundamentals of Plastic waste Management-DBH Publisher and Distributors, ISBN no.978-93-84871-18-5. Page 177-185.

5.Roli Purwar (2018), Antimicrobial Textiles, The Impact and Prospects of Green Chemistry for Textile Technology, 1st Edition, Edited by Shahid ul-Islam and Bhupendra Singh Butola, Elsevier Publications, ISBN: 9780081024911.

4. Mangala Joshi and Roli Purwar (2018), Composite Dressings for wound Care, Advance Textiles for wound Care, 2nd Edition, Edited by S Rajendran, Elsevier Publications, ISBN 9780081021927.

3. Roli Purwar and Chandra Mohan Srivastava (2015), Antimicrobial Cellulose and Cellulosic Materials, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives: Synthesis, Modification and Applications, Edited by Prof.  Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal, Nova Publication USA, ISBN No. 978-1-63483-127-7.

2. M Joshi, Roli Purwar, S Wazed Ali and S Rajendran (2010), Antimicrobial Textiles for Health and Hygiene Application Based on Eco Friendly Natural Products, Medical and Healthcare Textiles, Wood head Publication, London UK, ISBN No.978-1-4200-7989-0.

1.M Joshi and Roli Purwar (2009), “Composite Wound Dressing Material” Advance Textiles for Wound care, Edited by S Rajendran, Woodhead Publications, London, UK, ISBN No. 978-1-84659-271-1

Publications (SCI/SCIE-Journals)

2024

57.Jitendra Kumar and Roli Purwar , A Schiff Base Hydrogel of Oxidized Okra Gum and

Carboxymethylated Chitosan: A Biocompatible and Biodegradable Injectable System for

Drug Delivery in Wound Care, (2024), Colloid and Polymer Science (Accepted)

 

 56.Jitendra Kumar and Roli Purwar , Biodegradable, Biocompatible, and Self-healing,

Injectable Hydrogel Based on Oxidized Azadirachta indica Gum and Carboxymethyl via

Dynamic Imine-Linkage for Biomedical Application, (2024), Iranian Polymer Journal

(Accepted)

 

55. Jitendra Kumar and Roli Purwar , Injectable mesquite gum and carboxymethyl chitosan

hydrogel using Schiff base crosslinks: a versatile platform for drug delivery in wound care,

(2024), Macromolecular Research, DOI: 10.1007/s13233-024-00300-7

 

54. Mehul Verma, Jitendra Kumar, Abhinav Ayush Pradhan, Nilotpal Majumder,  Sourabh Ghosh, Roli Purwar, Assessing rheological properties of oxidized Moringa oleifera gum and carboxymethyl chitosan-based self-healing hydrogel for additive manufacturing applications, Polymer Engineering & Science,  DOI: 10.1002/pen.26915

53. Jitendra Kumar and Roli Purwar (2024), Self-Healing, Biocompatible Injectable Hydrogel Based on Multialdehyde Moringa oleifera Gum and Carboxymethyl Chitosan: A Suitable Platform for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing Application, ChemistrySelect, Volume9, e202400309

52. Radha Sachan and Roli Purwar (2024), Effect of PCL chain length on rheological and mechanical properties of PCL-PDMS-PCL triblock copolymer films, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.141, e55542.

2023

51. Radha Sachan, Roli Purwar, Soil burial degradation studies of photo-crosslinked PCL-PDMS-PCL triblock copolymer films, Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 63, 2023, 4107-4117.

 50. Radha Sachan, SG Warkar, Roli Purwar, An overview on synthesis, properties and applications of polycaprolactone copolymers, blends & composites, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, Vol. 62, 2023, 327-358

2022

49 Radha Sachan, SG Warkar, Roli Purwar, Photocrosslinked Poly (epsilon-caprolactone)-Polydimethylsiloxane-Poly (epsilon-caprolactone) Triblock Copolymeric Films: Structural, Thermal and Shape Memory Properties, CHEMISTRYSELECT 7 (33) e202201340

48. Reetu Yadav, Roli Purwar, “Effect of post-treatment methods and nanoparticles on the conformation of silk fibroin and their impact on electrical properties” Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials, Vol.61, 2022, 2061-2031

47. Anushka Agarwal, Gyaneshwar K Rao, Sudip Majumder, Manish Shandilya, Varun Rawat, Roli Purwar, Monu Verma, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Natural protein-based electrospun nanofibers for advanced healthcare applications: progress and challenges, 3 Biotech, Vol.12, (4), 1-27.

46. Priya Bansal, Archana Gangwar, Aman Verma, Roli Purwar, Novel composite multilayer face masks for protection against airborne microorganisms, Indian Journal of Fibers & Textile ResearchVol. 47, 2022, 13-19.

45. Radhika Batra, Priya Bansal, Reetu Yadav, Roli Purwar, S Kulanthaivel, P Mishra, Enhancement of functional properties by blending cocoon extracted Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin with polyvinyl alcohol for applications in biomedical field, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 139 (14), 51913

44. Reetu Yadav, Radhika Batra, Priya Bansal, Roli Purwar, N‐type silk fibroin/TiO2 nanocomposite transparent films: electrical and optical properties, Polymer International, 71 (1), 74-85 (2022)

43. Priya Bansal, Radhika Batra, Reetu Yadav, Roli Purwar, Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membranes supported with montmorillonite for efficient PM2. 5 filtration and adsorption of Cu (II) ions, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 139 (5), (2022) 582

42. Rosina Begam, Mangala Joshi, Roli Purwar, Antimicrobial finishing of cotton Textiles using silver intercalated clay, Fibers and Polymers, 2022, Fibers and Polymers 23 (1), 148-154

2021

41.Radhika Batra, Roli Purwar, S Kulanthaivel, Prashant Mishra, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide Modified Montmorillonite‐Doped Tasar Silk Fibroin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend 3D Nanowebs for Tissue Engineering Applications, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 306 (11), 2100450.

40. Radha Sachan, Roli Purwar, Water based quad acrylic copolymer/cloisite 30B nanocomposite heat resistant adhesive: thermal and rheological properties, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology (2021) 1-16 DOI: 10.1080/01694243.2021.1979760

39. Radha Sachan, Roli Purwar, Silica modified candelilla wax/thermoplastic polyurethane blend coatings for hydrophobic textiles, Journal of Textile Institute, (2021), 10.1080/00405000.2021.1926128

38. Tanushree Ghosh, Trisha Das, Roli Purwar, Review of electrospun hydrogel nanofiber system: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Polymer Engineering and Science, 61 (7) (2021) 1887-1911

37.  Priya Bansal, Roli Purwar, Development of efficient antimicrobial zinc oxide modified montmorillonite incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for particulate matter filtration, Fibers and Polymers, 22 (10) (2021).

36. Reetu Yadav, Roli Purwar, Influence of metal oxide nanoparticles on morphological, structural, rheological and conductive properties of mulberry silk fibroin nanocomposite solutions, Polymer Testing, 93 (2021) 106916

35. Radhika Batra, Roli Purwar, Deduction of a facile method to construct Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin/gelatin blend films for prospective biomedical applications, Polymer International, 70 (2021) 73-82

34.Priya Bansal, Roli Purwar, Polyacrylonitrile/clay nanofibrous nanocomposites for efficient adsorption of Cr (VI) ions, Journal of Polymer Research, 28 (2021) 7-26.

 

33. Preeti Gupta, Roli Purwar, Influence of cross-linkers on the properties of cotton grafted poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogel composite: swelling and drug release kinetics, Iranian Polymer Journal, 30 (2021) 381-391.

2020

32. Reetu Yadav, Roli Purwar, Tailoring of electrical and optical properties of regenerated silk fibroin films with metal oxides, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 31(2020), 17784-17797

31. Preeti Gupta, Roli Purwar, Electrospun pH responsive poly (acrylic acid-co- acrylamide) hydrogel nanofibrous mats for drug delivery, Journal of Polymer Research, 27 (2020) 296-305

30. Suhail Ahmad, Kaiser Manzoor, Roli Purwar, Saiqa Ikram, Morphological and Swelling Potential Evaluation of Moringa oleifera Gum/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels as a Superabsorbent, ACS Omega, 29 (2020), 17955–17961.

29. Shyam Barahapurkar, Roli Purwar, Rajat Kumar Baldua, Banana Pseudostem Sap as a Biomordant for Dyeing of Silk with Celosia Flower, Fibers and Polymers, 21 (2020), 2010–2017.

2019

28Roli Purwar, Anjali Verma, Radhika Batra, Antimicrobial Gelatin/sericin/clay films for packaging of hygiene products, Journal of Polymer Engineering, 39 (2019) 744-751.

27. Suhail Ahmad, Mudasir Ahmad, Kaiser Manzoor, Roli Purwar, Saiqa Ikram, A review on latest innovations in natural gums based hydrogels: Preparations & applications, International Journal of Biological Macromolecule, 136 (2019) 870–890.

26. Divya Ojha, Sangita Deodiya, Roli Purwar, Printing of Lyocell fabric with Rubia Cordifolia and Acacia catechu using Guar gum and Chitosan as Thickening Agent, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 18, (2019) 615-620

25. Bainnie Sharma, Purnima Jain, Roli Purwar, Preparation and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/modified clay electrospun nanocomposite nanofibrous mats for microbial protection, Journal of Textile Institute, 110 (2019), 1624-1634.

24. Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Roli Purwar, A P Gupta, Enhanced potential of biomimetic, silver nanoparticles functionalized Antheraea mylitta (tasar) silk fibroin nanofibrous mats for skin tissue engineering, International Journal of Biological Macromolecule. Vol. 130, 2019, 437-453

2018

23. Chandra Mohan Srivastava and Roli Purwar, fabrication of 3D self assembled nonmulberry Antheraea mylitta (tasar) fibroin nonwoven mats for wound dressing application, Macromolecular Research, Vol. 26, 2018,872-881

22. S K Rajput, DB Shakyawar, Roli Purwar, Antimicrobial finishing of textiles, Indian Textile Journal, March 2018, 109-113.

21. Anuja Agrawal and Roli Purwar, Swelling and Drug release kinetics of composite wound dressing, Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research, Vo..43, 2018, 104-111.

2017

20. Chandra Mohan Srivastva, Roli Purwar, Anuradha Gupta, Deepak Sharma, Dextrose modified flexible tasar and muga fibroin films for wound healing applications, Materials Science and Engineering C, 2017, Vol.75, 104-114

19. Chitosan finished Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin nonwoven composite films for wound dressing, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Roli Purwar, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Jan 2017 DOI:10.1002/App.44341 

2016 

18. Electrospun Sericin/PVA/Clay Nanofibrous mats for antimicrobial air filtration mask, Roli Purwar, K Sai Goutham, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Fibers and Polymers, 2016, Vol.17, 1206-1216.

17. Fabrication of robust Antheraea assama fibroin nanofibrous mat using ionic liquid for skin tissue engineering, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Roli Purwar, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2016, Vol. 68, 276-290

16.Dope Dyeing of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Filament with Ratanjot, Roli Purwar, Priydarshan Sahoo, Mehak Jain, Urvashi Bothra, Priya Yadav, Jigyasu Juneja, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Indian Journal of Fibres and Textile Research, 2016, Vol.41, 84

2015

15. Flexible Silk Fibroin Films for Wound Dressing, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Roli Purwar, Rekha Kannaujia, and Deepak Sharma, Fibres and Polymers, 2015,  Vol.16,1020

14. Flexible Sericin/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Clay Blend Films, Roli Purwar, Subha Sharma, Priyadarshan Sahoo, and Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Fibers and Polymers, 2015, Vol.16, 761

2014

13. Composite wound dressing for drug release, Roli Purwar, Poonam Rajput, Chandra Mohan Srivastava, Fibres and Polymers, 2014, Vol.15, 1422

12. Antibacterial Properties of Aloe Vera Gel Finished cotton Fabric, S Wazed Ali, Roli Purwar, M Joshi, and S Rajendran, Cellulose, 2014, Vol.21, 2063

11. Recent Developments in Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fibre, Chandra Mohan Srivastava and Roli Purwar, International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol. 2 (1), 2014, 267-277

2013-2004

10.Nylon 6/clay nanocomposite filaments and their cords, M. Joshi, D. Biswas, A. Sarvanan, Roli Purwar and R. Mukhopadhaya, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2012,Vol.125, ,E224-230

9.Ecofriendly antimicrobial finishing of textiles using bioactive agents based on natural products, Roli Purwar, M Joshi, S Wazed Ali and S Rajendran, Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, Vol. 34, September 2009, pp295

8.Studies on Structural and Functional Properties of Sericin Recovered from Silk Degumming Liquor by Membrane Technology, Roli Purwar, M L Gulrajani, Raj Kamal Prasad, M Joshi, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.113, 2009, pp2796.

7.Application of Silk Sericin on Polyester Fabric, Roli Purwar, M L Gulrajani, P Senthil Kumar, Kanti Bramha, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.109,2008,pp314

6.A value added finish from silk degumming liquor, Roli Purwar, M L Gulrajani, M Joshi, Asian Dyer, August 2008, pp27

5.Antibacterial Finishing of Cotton Fabric using Neem Extracts, Roli Purwar, P Mishra and M Joshi, AATCC Review, Vol.8, 2008, pp36

4.Effect of Microwave Treatment on Easy Care Finishing of Cotton with Glyoxal /Glycol,R Purwar and M Joshi, AATCC Review,  Vol;.5, 2005, pp40

3.Recent Developments in Antimicrobial Finishing- A Review, R Purwar and M Joshi, AATCC Review, Vol.4 , 2004, pp20

2.Recent Developments in Color Removal Techniques-A Review, R Purwar  and M. Joshi, Review of Progress and Coloration,  2004, pp58

1.Colour Removal Techniques, R Purwar, M Joshi and R Bansal, Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, Vol.29, 2004, p239

Projects Supervised

Ph.D

14Regenerated silk: Manu Dhiman

 

13.Compounding of Polyurethane :Pradeep Agrawal

 

12.Synthesis Characterization of Self-healing Polysaccharides their applications in films and coatings, Megha Bhoj

 

11.Study on Polyhydroxy butyrate-g-polypyrrole and its nanocomposites for flexible electronics, Daan Kaur (Jan 2021-ongoing)

10. Studies on natural gum based injectable hydrogels, Jitendra Kumar (Aug 2020-ongoing)

9Synthesis and application of fluorinated/hydrocarbon surface active agentsVersha Joshi (Aug 2020- ongoing)

8Studies on Poly (caprolactone-co-dimethyl siloxane) copolymers for thermoresponsive Shape memory ApplicationsRadha Sachan (Awarded April 2024)

6. Studies on regenerated silk fibroin nanocomposite for optoelectronic applications, Reetu Yadav, (Awarded January 2023)

7. Studies on Biopolymer and Its blends for Advanced wound dressing, Bainnie (Awarded October 2022)

5. Studies on regenerated nonmulberry silk fibroin blend films and fibers, Radhika Batra (Awarded October 2022)

4. Synthesis and Characterization of Polysaccharide based Hydrogel and their Inorganic Nanocomposites as Superabsorbent, Suhail Ahmed (Awarded April 2022) Jointly with Prof. Saiqa Ikram, JMI.

3. Development of nanofibrous nonwoven mats for air filtration, Priya Bansal (Awarded December 2021)

2. Development of composite wound dressing material, Preeti Gupta (Awarded September 2021)

1. Studied on regenerated nonmulberry silk fibres and films, Chandra Mohan Srivastava (Awarded Dec 2017)

M.Tech (Completed)

11Rheological Study of Non-Mulberry Silk (Tasar) And Gelatin Blend SolutionPriti2020-2021

10. Bombyx Mori Silk Fibroin/ Modified Clay Nanocomposites Films: Studies on Electrical

Conductivity & Rheological Properties, Utsav Bose, 2019-2020

9. Studies on Bioactive Silk/Clay nanocomposite films, Narender Kumar, 2018-2019

8. Studies on High Heat Resistance Acrylic Adhesive, Radha Sachan, 2017-2018

7. Fabrication of Polyurethane/ Nanosilica Nanofibrous Water proof breathable Fabrics and Assessing the Performance Characteristics, Archana Gangwar, 2016-2017

6.Biodegradable Polymeric Film from Gelatin and Silk Sericin: Development and Characterization for Packaging Applications, Anjali Verma, 2016-2017

5. Design and Development of Seicin Based products for filtration and biomedical applications, K Sai Goutham, 2015-2016

4.Regenerated cellulose membrane for water filtration, Anuja Agrawal, 2014-2015

3.Preparation and characterization of Antimicrobial absorbent layer for baby diaper, Priyadarsan Sahoo, 2013-2014

2.Studies on composite wound dressing material for drug controlled release, Poonam Kumari, 2012-2013

1.Studies on bioactive nanocomposite Sericin /PVA blend Films, Subha Sharma, 2012-2013

 

 

 

Last Updated : 2024-08-27 15:09:42